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Basic Definitions
Electricity: Is a flow of charges, usually referenced with electrons. It can be either static electricity or dynamic electricity—Static is at 'rest'. The second are charges in motion.
Electric Current: A Flow of Electrons.
Water Current & Electric Current Compared
The flow of electrons in a wire resembles the flow of water in a pipe so closely that it is helpful to compare them. This is done in the table below.
Water Current:
The Movement of Water Through A Pipe Produces A Current
Electricity Current
The Movement of Electrons Through A Wire Produces An Electric Current.
A water current is measured by the quantity of water flowing through the pipe per unit of time. Thus, the flow may be measured in gallons per second, cubic feet per minute, etc.
The size of an electric current is determined by the number of electrons that flow through the wire per unit of time. The unit of current is the ampere, which is defined as a current in which 1 coulomb of electric charges passes through the circuit per second. (A coulomb = about 6.28 billion billion electrons.)
The flow of water through a pipe is slowed down by the friction between the water and the pipe.
Every conductor resists the flow of current through it. The unit of electrical resistance is the ohm, which is defined as the resistance offered to an electric current by a column of mercury 1 sq. mm. in the cross–section of 106.3 cm. long at 00 C.
To drive water through a pipe, there must be a difference of pressure between the starting and ending points of the flow. This pressure difference is usually produced by a pump and is measured in pounds per square inch, etc.
To drive electrons through a circuit, there must be a difference of potential or an electromotive force between the starting and ending points of the flow. The unit of electromotive force is the volt, defined as the electromotive force needed to drive a current of 1 ampere through a resistance of 1 ohm.
Static Electricity:Stationary electricity or 'Electricity at rest; i.e., in the form of a charge of equilibrium, or considered independently of the effects of its motion. Hence, when a body is charged by the addition or subtraction of electrons, the charge resides on the body, at least temporarily. The body bears a static charge. Static means 'at rest.'
Electrostatics:Pertaining to static electricity.
Electromagnetic:Having both magnetic and electric properties.
Magnetic Field:An area where magnetic forces can be detected around a permanent magnet, natural magnet, or electromagnet.
Electric Field:A charged body can exert a force on a second charged body through a distance with no apparent medium existing between the two. The electric field concept is used to describe the behavior of any charged body when it is near another charged body.l The electric field is not, in itself, an explanation of electric force.
Electromagnetic Radiation:That form of energy which is electrical and magnetic in essence. It is emitted from vibrating charged particles.
Force:Any physical action capable of moving a body or modifying its motion.
Force Field:A force from a source that can be measured at a distance from its source.
Becker (Robert O.), M.D. and Gary Selden, writing in The Body Electric, states:
Electromagnetism can be discussed in two ways—in terms of fields and in terms of radiation. A field is "something" that exists in space around an object that produces it. We know there's a field around a permanent magnet because it can make an iron particle jump through space to the magnet. Obviously there's an invisible entity that exerts a force on the iron, but as to just what it consists of—don't ask! No one knows. A different but analogous something—an electric field—extends outward from electrically charged objects.
Both electric and magnetic fields are static, unvarying. When the factor of time is introduced, by varying the intensity of the field as in a radio antenna, an electromagnetic field results. As its name implies, this consists of an electric field and a magnetic field.
Both electric and magnetic fields are really just abstractions that scientists have made up to try to understand electricity's and magnetism's action at a distance, produced by no known intervening material or energy, a phenomenon that used to be considered impossible until it became undeniable.
A field is represented by lines of force, another abstraction, to indicate its direction and shape. Both kinds of fields decline with distance, but their influence is technically infinite:
Every time you use your toaster, the fields around it perturb changed particles in the farthest galaxies ever so slightly.... Physicists have been trying for generations to solve the fundamental mysteries of electromagnetism, and no one, not even Einstein, has yet succeeded.
This Is An Electromagnetic Field!
Reread What Dr. Becker & Selden Say In The Body Electric!
And ... Another Electromagnetic Field!
Many People Are Having Physical & Mental Problems From All This...Such As Microwave Transmissions! Especially If They Live In The Path Of A Transmitting Microwave Tower!
And This Is What Electromagnetic Fields Can Do To Organisms!
More & More Irrational Acts Are Happening Because of EMFs, Which Are Microwaves In A Certain Energy Range!
What An EMP (Electromagnetic Pulse) Is:
The result of radiated (something moving outward from its source) energy, when extremely energetic gamma rays strike air molecules, such as oxygen and nitrogen gases, knocking electrons from their moorings of those air molecules, freeing the electrons, now called Compton electrons. These electrons undergo a spiraling or turning motion about the field lines. This motion causes the electrons to be subjected to an acceleration, radially (radius) which results in the generation of an EMP, electromagnetic pulse, radiation downward to the earth from the magnetic field.
The EMP radiation can be collected by metallic and other conductors, such as power lines, raceways in homes, the metal frame (chassis) of motor vehicles, airplanes in flight or on the ground, railroad tracks, etc., just an an antenna(s) can pick up radio waves, converting them into strong electric currents and high voltages. This can severely damage various electric and electronic circuits, and even cause fires if sparks form near volatile vapors.
In fact, an EMP is likened to Radio Waves by some scientists, as when the EMP forms, due to its pulsing nature, from the rise and then the fall, it breaks off into space directed downward to the earth. And it develops a large current and voltage when striking a conductor, which to it is an antenna!
Then, this voltage and current follow the 'trackways' to various delicate electronic and electric mechanisms, causing severe to moderate damage or burnout!
Induction!
This Is What Makes An EMP So Dangerous!
Keeping Communications Up
From Our Site,
We Wrote . . .
Cresson H. Kearny writes in Nuclear War Survival Skills under 'How To Keep Radios Operating':
"...both morale and the prospects of long-range survival would be improved in shelters with a radio bringing word of the large-area fallout situation, food-relief measures, practical survival skills, and what the government and other organizations were doing to help."
He suggests the following to keep in contact with the outside world that is still up.
Bring all battery-powered portable radios with you to the shelter you go to. Also have fresh batteries on hand.
"Protect AM radios by using only their built-in short loop antennas. The built-in antennas of small portable radios are too short for EMP to induce damaging surges of current in them."
"Keep antennas of FM, CB, and amateur radios as short as practical, preferably less than 10 inches. When threatened by EMP, a danger that may continue for weeks after the initial attack because of repeated, high-altitude explosions, do not add a wire antenna or connect a short radio antenna to a pipe. Remember that a surge of current resulting from EMP especially can damage diodes and transistors thus ending a radio's usefulness of reducing its range of reception."
Note, from above, any EMP striking a metal conduit, metal, pipe, or any thing that will conduct electricity will carry the EMP surge along the piping to various electrical and electronic work and damage or burn them out.
"Keep all unshielded radios at least six feet away from any long piece of metal, such as pipes, metal ducts, or wires found in many basements and other shelters. Long metal conductors can pick up and carry large EMP surges, causing induced current to surge in nearby radios and damage them."
There would be an electrostatic charge that would build up and "jump" across the gap to the conduit feeding the electronics, thus burning them out or damaging them so as to make them useless.
Comment:
Some years ago, it was commonly circulated among electricians and carpenters to beware of the "Phantom Current" in attics. It was described to these WebMasters as "...for no reason at all, a carpenter would be working in the attic, and some electricians too, would be found electrocuted. Yet, even though they were working around 'hot' wires, they were found dead and not near them." It was assumed that the unfortunate electricians were handling a 'live' wire and must have touched a ground somewhere in the attic. The same applied to carpenters.
However, one of the WebMasters said "nonsensical trep." A good electrician, though anyone can make mistakes and some have, would be extremely careful and on the aware for this. It had to be a static charge built up of such magnitude that it literally jumped from the source to the worker and he may have been grounded, thus causing his shock or demise.
Years passed and this phenomenon—the Phantom Current—still circulated among the unitiated. Then, one day in a popular medical journal, the myth of the "phantom current" was solved: it was static electricity, hot humid conditions and a source of ground. There really was a "Phantom Current."
Glasstone and Dolan, Writing in The Effects of Nuclear Weapons spoke about the "Phantom Current" in this manner:
"...it is possible for an electric current to be induced or for a spark to jump from the conductor which collects the EMP energy to an adjacent conductor, not connected to the collector, thence to a piece of equipment."
"Shield each radio against EMP when not in use by completely surrounding it with conducting metal if it is kept within six feet of a long conductor through which powerful currents produced by EMP might surge. A radio may be shielded against EMP by placing it inside a metal cake box or metal storage can, or by completely surrounding it with aluminum foil or metallic window screen."
The metal cake box would act like a Faraday box. This is a Faraday Screen or Shield. Also called a Faraday Cage. This is a common conductor—the Shield! The Continuing Education Electronics Learning Dictionary, by Heathkit, Writes:
A network of parallel wires connected to a common conductor at one end to provide electrostatic (static electricity) shielding without affecting electromagnetic waves. The common conductor is usually grounded.
[Kong Sez: Folks! Do you see what they are saying? GROUNDED! Most of the Preppers have not truly understood this; nor, thought about this. Hence, when they open their metal ammo boxes (Faraday Cages), after the EMPs have finished they will find their electronics fried!
'Hardening' will survive one, but, after two or three and more still coming in, it has been demonstrated, the hardening with each succeeding EMP strike, weakens the Hardened Structure!]
However, one writer on the subject of EMPs contends vehicles would not be affected. The vehicle acts like a Faraday box on rubber wheels. He failed to consider that the electronic ignition is subject to the EMP effect. His contention is that since the vehicle is mounted on rubber wheels or some nonconductor and thus, separated from the gound, nothing would happen to the car or truck.
When you watch the video below, you will find that is not so. Either vehicles then were different than they are at present, but the electronic ignition has been out for sometime now. The electric windows did work when the EMP was generated through an EMP generator.
That particular writer did say that vehicles made of fiberglass bodies or located near long–runs of metal would be affected.
Kearny further says to protect against "damage to a radio from extreme dampness." Recall above about "the phantom current."
One final point about batteries: "The batteries of transistor radios will last up to twice as long if the radios are played at reduced volume."—WebMaster's emphasis
Cautionary Note:When the Hell Breaks, parents wanting to entertain or please their teen-age children will let them play the radio for entertainment. American teens are used to getting their way. They will blast eardrums with the radio, running down batteries.
And Now, Here It Is:
Consider This In Regard To One's VehicleThink 'The Chain & The Strap'
When gasoline, or any other flammable liquid, such as xylene, diesel, kerosene, toluene, and light crude oils flow through the inside of a pipe, they can build up Static Electricity. This exhibits a very significant ability to develope the accumulation of charge since the liquid is moving inside a pipe (friction against the inside of the pipe, fuel line, as in one's automotive vehicle) during a high velocity flow as when operating the vehicle.
When this charge accumulation is high enough, it can do an electrostatic discharge, igniting the vapors of the fuel line. This has been done at airports refueling airplanes, motor vehicles during driving, etc. Various fuels have different levels of flammable limits, requiring different levels of static discharge to ignite the vapors.
This is very dangerous at gas stations, especially if one leaves the vehicle running as the fueling operation occurs. Also, even with cell phones turned on and not being used at that moment. It can happen as the cell phone periodically 'checks' in to see where the nearest tower is located and communicates with the tower. This electromagnetic wave then generated is electrical and magnetic in effect, and can ignite a vapor of flammable liquid. This has happened!
The vehicle is grounded to its metal chassis. However, when an EMP comes down to the earth, even the plastic vehicles, going through the plastic to the metal frame, where the battery and electronics are grounded, so it can have a potential difference and generate electricity—a flow of electrons, the EMP strikes the metal frame, creating a huge flow of electrons coming down to your vehicle, generating a strong voltage and causing burnout on the electronic ignition of vintage vehicles and electronic computer failure on the newer models using electronics.
Therefore, we recommend one use 'The Chain & The Strap' technique
for draining off static electricity and sending the EMP electrons (current) to the 'Big' Ground...the Earth! We have also found the vehicle is less dusty, as dust and dirt attract the electrons in the air and hence, since excess electrons do not build up, but are drained off, the dust does not get to accumulate on the grounded vehicle, as static charges are drained into the earth ground.
Dr. "B" recommends this even though gasoline and other flow liquids in pipes have anti–static additives to help safely dissipate or prevent static electricity buildup, along with more advanced grounding technologies, to be ready now, for the EMPs that will eventually come.
Here is a problem that most are not aware of: Ozone Cracking! This is caused by a static discharge in the presence of air or oxygen, which then forms ozone.
The problem ozone cracking causes: Dry Rot of vehicular rubber or other types of elastomers. It also causes degradation of rubber parts. Many elastic substances are 'ozone cracking' sensitive! Deep cracks occur in joints, such as a vehicle's connection between two parts using an elastomer. Also involved are O–rings and gaskets.
Dry Rot: Caused By Static Electricity!
We have found that fuel lines can be very susceptible to this problem unless preventive measures are taken. This includes anti–ozonants be added to rubber mixtures when the tires are made and are now, but, they eventually break down. Also, one can ask for an ozone–resistant elastomer for vehicular joints where a cushioning is needed.
What happens with fuel lines is cracking of the line, due to static build up in vehicles. This is seldom seen in today's modern motor vehicles, etc. This can cause, as one can see, fires in engine compartments. However, with the EMPs eventually coming, and the vehicle not grounded to the 'Big' Ground, we will have this again. The main thing to consider is 'Burn Out' of one's electrical system or ignition and the on–board computers from an EMP strike.
This is the solution Dr. "B" has found that should work. One won't know until after the EMPs have come and gone, and you're the only one driving around in your still operable vehicle. Then, you become a target for all who did not do what follows and, hence, a mob will be trying to block you in your moving vehicle if theirs has stopped on the highway, so they can commandeer yours and run to the mountainous terrain.
Keep the following in mind about your Faraday Cage and The Chain & The Strap for your vehicle. There is an analogy here with the Faraday Cage. It is this:
Not removing or preventing a static charge buildup there, and then, the static buildup that discharges in your Faraday Cage, is likened to the individual in his home getting a 'Static Shock' when his home is dry and no humidity, as in modern air conditioned homes.
Here is a situation in one's home, whereby one can remove or prevent a static charge from building up by opening a window or getting a humidifier! This increases the moisture content of the room air, making the room air more conductive such that you are draining off electrons to the ambient atmosphere in the room, such that if the room were dry, the static build up in your body would eventually 'Jump' to an object therein of less electron charge (positively charged) generating a sharp cracking sound, and a small blue lightning bolt like flash in the air with a possibly startling effect and a 'bite' to the flesh from where it discharged to.
This is analogous to one's Faraday Cage when they put in a desiccant to keep dry their ammo, batteries, etc. Therefore, the comparison is compared to the Static Shock one gets in a 'dry' condition in one's dwelling. Hence, why we have repeatedly pointed out to ground the Faraday Cage or Shield, as given above from Heathkit.
The second comparson is from the Faraday Cage, say a metal garbage can or a metal ammo can to the 'Phantom Current' written about above. The person(s) who were electrocuted in those attics, were hot, sweaty, built up a tremendous static charge, and did not even have to touch a ground. They simply had so much charge built up within themselves that the large charge actually jumped to another object, such as a grounded raceway or exposed ground wire or some other object in the attack that could receive the full build up, killing them via electrocution! It blew out the delicate electronic 'wiring'of their hearts.
In other words, with this second analogy of the Faraday Cage when the lid is closed with air in it, if the inside of the box develops 'hot and cool', then moisture develops from the air within the 'Cage' and voila: A Static Discharge is very possible and when one opens his Faraday Cage, he finds some to most of the things electrical in nature, are not working! Ground the Faraday Cage or Shield, as given earlier, from Heathkit! You'll feel better when you open your Cage or Shield and find everything is working!
The Chain & The Strap!
You Just May Be The Only One With A Operable Vehicle By Doing This!
Keep This In Mind: An EMP and a Lightning Bolt are similar in energy; but, an EMP covers a wide area. A Lightning Bolt covers a small area! However, the similarity stops there! Because of the similarity, one thinks the two are similar in all aspects; they are not! The EMP has a faster rise time than a bolt of Lightning. This means you cannot use a lightning arrester to subdue the EMP strike!
By the time the lightning arrester goes into action, the EMP has 'been and left', and you were left unprotected from the EMP, as the lightning arrester was just beginning to rise to a protective level! Some have suggested using a Band–Pass Filter, first; then, a lightning arrester. However, this may leave you with still more damage than you bargained for!
Your Flooring & Grounding of The Faraday Cage!
Remember The 'Phantom Current'!AndDo Not Make A Ground Loop! A Potentially Detrimental Condition Produced When Two or More Points In An Electrical System That Are Nominally At Ground Potential Are Connected By A Conducting Path! In Other Words: Avoid Making A Doubly Grounded System!
The Arriving EMPs:
When the EMPs arrive, keep the following in the forefront of your brain, the cognitive area:
Whenever A Nuclear Explosion occurs, it produces an EMP.
The voltages and currents produced in wires and cables, raceways, and other metal conductors, compare with the strongest lightning bolts Mother Nature produces. The EMPs may reach 30–million volts and 10,000 amperes, totalling 30–billion watts of power, which is energy!
There is a major difference between lightning and an EMP strike. The EMPs occur over the entirety of a wide swath of territory,
depending upon the height of the nuclear explosion; whereas, lightning happens at a single location. The induced voltages and currents in wires and conductors caused by EMPs, are equal in strength to the strongest of lightning bolts.
With just the following occurring...
Power lines are a target for EMP strike.
Internal circuits would be damaged from the circuit itself acquiring the 'hit' of the EMPs' Current to the circuit.
With the numerous internal windings of copper wire in motors, generators, etc, these machines could be rendered unworkable. With this, water pump stations would be useless, and desert population centers, such as Arizona and California, would perish! Populations in rural areas, without any subsequent means of water except an electric well, over a hundred feet down, would have to evacuate to areas with lakes and streams, or 'decent' canals.
Motors would not work for heating systems, and in the more frigid areas, chilling freezes in the Northern part of the U. S., would cause those areas to come to a total standstill. Survival would be a day to day and night to night thing!
Because of the electronic systems and fuseable links still in some vehicles, fuel shipments and food deliveries would stop, because the electrical/electronic ignition systems would be totally inoperable as they would be burned out in trucks and personal vehicles.
The Suffering would be horrendous for individuals and families on the American continent! This would also include our allies, including Canada, as well as the larger Northern part of Mexico. Crime will become rampant!
And, if the volcanoes are erupting in the U.S., or a major blow–off elsewhere, and if the volcanic debris/ash drifts, it may cover major or minor portions of the continent. We may then see the following:
"During the Great Depression, swirling dust-bowl winds caused tremendous buildups of static electricity that were powerful enough to knock
a person unconscious. Blue flames erupted from metal fences, electrical systems in cars shorted out, and people would drag chains in order to offset the electrostatic charge."— Static Electricity by Nick Gromicko
This time—with EMPs hitting this huge dust cloud, a buildup of thousands of volts of Static Electricity, with dire results if a Static Discharge to a person, grounded to the earth, etc., were struck, he just may burst into flames! We have never seen anything like this before on planet earth, except for when Spontaneous Combustion occurs to a person's leg, arm, or other body parts and nothing else is burned, not even the couch they were sitting on or the wood floor. The couch and floor were scorched!
The Poor Man's Geiger Counter
The Electroscope & The Coming EMPs
Making A Faraday Cage
You Have To Watch For The Phantom Current! Otherwise, When You Open Your Faraday Cage, You May Have Most To Everything Shorted Out!
This Is A Ground!
Do Not Make A Ground Loop!
Ground Loop:
An Electrical Path Between Two Separate Grounds On The Same Circuit. One To A Grounded Water Line & Another Driven Into The Ground Elsewhere! This Causes 'Noise' To Be Introduced Into The System and Unwanted Errors & Instability.
The SGEMP electric field is formed by emission of electrons from the solid materials of the equipment that radiation particles (neutrons, gamma rays, and x–rays) cause to be recoiled from those solid materials.
Both the Compton effect and the Photoelectric effect are important. The photoeffect is caused by the ejection of the electron from an atom of the solid material, when hit by a photon of energy, such as a gamma ray or x–ray.
The electrons that are released, in turn, can react with the solid material to release more electrons, known as Secondary Electrons. These electrons are produced primarily on the surface of the solid material. Since they have a component of velocity perpendicular to the surface, some of them will be emitted from the surface.
This results in an electric field near the surface and in the generation of large surface currents. This holds for a vacuum environment, such as a satellite in space. If the equipment one is concerned with is located in the atmosphere, then x–ray–generated photocurrents in the surrounding air are also important to consider.
The protection of satillites from SGEMP is difficult. The large currents generated by the SGEMP cause burnout of sensitive electronic components. Protection is provided by shielding the equipment with a
We can infer from various data that nuclear explosions in space are a major threat to satellites or space warfare stations, even at considerable distances from the explosion!
If a missile is to be protected while in flight, the ionizing action of the x–ray photoeffect on surrounding air must also be taken into account. X–ray generated skin currents on a missile in space produce 10 A/m in a vacuum, but up to 10,000 amp/m in air (Woods, 1981). The skin currents in turn generate electromagnetic fields internal to the missile, possibly damaging its control system—Adapted From Nuclear Arms Race, Craig & Jungerman, Second edition.
From this, we may infer that the same thing may/will happen in a Faraday Cage—'A Metal Shell', and that the current of the electromagnetic wave, which is electromagnetic radiation, comes down to the Earth as an Electromagnetic Pulse, then, Skin Currents will be formed on the Faraday Cage and those 'Skin Currents' can be, as in the missiles and satellites, given above, transferred internal to the 'Faraday Box', damaging delicate electronic equipment therein!
Therefore, prudence be applied...
Commentary By Kong:
Folks, in case you're wondering why Dr. "B" is spending time on explaining this "skin current" business, and why we think it's such a big deal, here's why. This phenomenon is one of those little EMP effects that even the most learned experts are not too sure about because, as you can imagine, we can't exactly set up these conditions in the finest research laboratories in America. They would have to crack off a few nukes in order to test out just how these skin currents form and how strong they can get.
But we can tell you right now, the very fact that this effect is known to exist backs up everything Dr. "B" says about your Faraday cages. There are going to be lots of "preppers" crying in their home-brewed beer if nuclear explosions over North America shut down the grid, and they go running to their nice, safe Faraday cages, only to find their carefully stored necessities . . .
Many are being advised to surround the inside of one's Faraday Cage with lots and lots of newspaper! However, since newprint has conducting metals in it, newsprint may just receive those generated electromagnetic fields internal to the Faraday Cage, possibly damaging its contents!
One may be able to use cardboard, styrofoam pellets, or some other non–conducting material that completely surrounds the Faraday Cage's contents with no openings. However, we advise to ground the 'Metal Shield'!
An EMP is an Electromagnetic Wave which is Electromagnetic Radiation. It has electric and magnetic components. And this is generated by the 'Spiriling' Electrons—as given above, known as the Compton Effect, which are Compton Electrons. Hence, the first two initials, 'EM'.
The 'P' for 'Pulse' comes from the fact that a pulse is a single transient disturbance manifested as an isolated wave, one of a series of transient disturbances recurring at regular intervals, or a short train of high–frequency waves, such as are used in echo sounding or radar.
A pure pulse consists of a voltage or current that increases from zero (or a constant value) to a maximum and then decreases to zero (or or the constant value), both in a comparatively short time.
When this occurs, the expanding energy; then, suddenly dropping down, to zero or a small constant value, it causes the expanding wave to break off and move outward as in a radio wave in the direction it is primarily pointed—hence, its being likened to a radio wave—carrying intelligence data—only in this case it is not carrying information as such, and when the wave front heading toward Earth strikes an antenna; or, a metal conductor, a large powerful current and voltage is induced into the system the antenna or conductor is serving, causing havoc in the system it serves!
Therefore, the acronym, EMP!
Now...Consider The Prophesied Comet,Which We Wrote About,June 14, 2015:
A comet consists of a tail, comprised mostly of gases, mainly hydrogen, dust, debris, small rocks, boulders, and ice; a head; and a flair, or commonly known as "hair," consisting primarily of gases, flaring outward from the head.
The tail and head is most interesting for our discussion because as a comet crosses the path of another planetary body, the earth, for instance, electrical discharges are set off from the head and the planetary body such that they are registered as gigantic, ferocious electrical storms or lightning.
Wherever the comet passes over a planet below, such as ours, there will be innumerable lightning flashes from one end of the sky to another, and to and from the planet, as electrical build up and discharge occur. This is the simple physics of the event, but not so simple for someone living beneath the display.
What This Is Describing Are Huge Static Electricity Discharges!
This Makes One Wonder...What Does He Know About What's Coming That He Has Not Told Us!
References:
An Introduction To Chemistry For Biology Students, Seventh Edition, George I. Sackheim
Dictionary of Electronics E.C. Young, The New Penguin
Dictionary of Physics, Edited by John Daintzith
Fallout Protection: What To Know And Do About Nuclear Attack, Department of Defense, Office of Civil Defense
Graphic Survey of Physics, Taffel, Oxford Book Company
Electronics Learning Dictionary, Heathkit Continuing Education
McGraw-Hill Concise Encyclopedia of PhysicsNuclear Arms Race, Craig & Jungerman, Second Edition
Oxford Concise Dictionary of Mathematics, Clapham & Nicholson
Oxford Dictionary of ChemistryOxford Dictionary of SciencePhysics Principles and Problems, Murphy & Smoot
Radiation Safety In Shelters, Federal Emergency Management Agency
Radiological Defense Textbook, Department of Defense, Office of Civil Defense
Radiological Factors Affecting Decision–Making In A Nuclear Attack, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
The Body Electric: Electromagnetism and The Foundation of Life, Becker, M.D., and Selden
The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, Glassstone and Dolan
Using Your Meter: VOM and DVM Multitesters, Radio Shack
In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, any copyrighted work in this message is distributed under fair use without profit or payment for non-profit research and educational purposes only. [Reference:Cornell Law School]
In An UpComing Issue:
Something You Need To Know For What's Coming
Kong Sez:
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As you use your computer, overtime, it slows down!
If your computer downloads slowly, you need to daily do the Following:
Defrag your machine.
Use a Cleaner, such as CCleaner (one can also use their Defragger) to Optimize your computer for better performance. Get them here: http://www.ccleaner.com/. It's Free!
If you find a download from email coming down very slowly; simply close your computer and reboot. Then restart the download.
Find out from your ISP how much file storage you have, you need at least 20 MB. Also, go there and clean up used files. The ISP does this for you every 30 or so days. If you receive large files, the ISP may bump them back because "no room at the inn."
Remember!
You Must Defrag Your Computer Regularly
Clean The Registry and Optimize the Machine Regularly
Or
It Will Run Very Erratic and Quite Slowly!
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